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Biology: Cell Structure
Cell structure flashcards for organelles, plant and animal cells, and biology exam review.
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About this deck
This biology cell structure deck reviews organelles and cell parts found in plant and animal cells. It is useful before tests on organelle function, cell diagrams, and basic life science vocabulary.
The deck also introduces transport, cell processes, plant versus animal cell differences, and core vocabulary that connects cell diagrams to exam questions.
60cards
Introductory biologylevel
biology students and life science learnersaudience
What you will learn
- Major organelles and cell structures.
- Basic functions of parts such as the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and membrane.
- Vocabulary for labeling plant and animal cell diagrams.
- A foundation for more advanced cell biology topics.
How to study this deck
- Draw a simple cell diagram and label each structure after reviewing the card.
- Group organelles by job: control, energy, protein production, transport, and storage.
- Use quiz mode only after you can explain the function in your own words.
Recommended study setup
- Start with about 12 cards per session; the full deck is roughly 5 first-pass packs.
- Write, calculate, point to, or sketch the answer before flipping whenever the topic allows it.
- Use quiz mode after one recall pass; study notes appear only after you answer.
Scope
This deck is an introduction to cell structure and core cell processes. It does not replace a full molecular biology, genetics, or biochemistry unit.
All 60 cards in this deck
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | Stores DNA and controls many cell activities. |
| Nucleolus | Region inside the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled. |
| Nuclear envelope | Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus. |
| Chromatin | DNA wrapped around proteins; condenses into chromosomes. |
| Cell membrane | Controls what enters and leaves the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like material where many cell processes happen. |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of fibers that gives the cell shape and enables movement. |
| Mitochondria | Produce ATP energy through cellular respiration. |
| Ribosomes | Build proteins from amino acids. |
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum | ER studded with ribosomes; makes proteins for export. |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum | ER without ribosomes; makes lipids and detoxifies. |
| Golgi apparatus | Modifies, packages, and ships cell products. |
| Lysosomes | Break down waste and old cell parts. |
| Peroxisomes | Break down fatty acids and neutralize harmful substances. |
| Vacuole | Storage sac for water, nutrients, and waste (large in plant cells). |
| Vesicle | Small membrane sac that transports materials in the cell. |
| Centrioles | Help organize microtubules during animal cell division. |
| Chloroplasts | Use sunlight to make sugar in plant cells (photosynthesis). |
| Cell wall | Rigid outer layer that supports plant, fungal, and bacterial cells. |
| Flagellum | Whip-like tail used to move the cell. |
| Cilia | Short hair-like structures for movement or moving fluid. |
| Plasma membrane proteins | Channels and receptors that transport molecules and send signals. |
| Cytosol | The fluid part of the cytoplasm outside organelles. |
| Phospholipid bilayer | Double layer of lipids that forms the basic structure of cell membranes. |
| Selective permeability | The membrane allows some substances through while blocking others. |
| Passive transport | Movement across a membrane without using cellular energy. |
| Active transport | Movement across a membrane using energy, often against a concentration gradient. |
| Diffusion | Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. |
| Facilitated diffusion | Passive transport through membrane proteins. |
| Endocytosis | Cell process that brings material inside using a membrane vesicle. |
| Exocytosis | Cell process that releases material outside using a vesicle. |
| Central vacuole | Large plant cell vacuole that stores water and helps maintain pressure. |
| Tonoplast | Membrane surrounding a plant cell’s central vacuole. |
| Plasmodesmata | Channels through plant cell walls that connect neighboring cells. |
| Extracellular matrix | Material outside animal cells that provides support and signaling. |
| Cell junctions | Connections between animal cells that help them attach or communicate. |
| Prokaryotic cell | A cell without a nucleus, such as a bacterium. |
| Eukaryotic cell | A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. |
| Bacterial nucleoid | Region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is located. |
| Plasmid | Small circular DNA molecule often found in bacteria. |
| Capsule | Outer protective layer found around some bacteria. |
| Cell theory | All living things are made of cells; cells are the basic unit of life; cells come from existing cells. |
| Surface area to volume ratio | A factor that affects how efficiently cells exchange materials. |
| ATP | Main energy-carrying molecule used by cells. |
| Cellular respiration | Process that releases energy from glucose to make ATP. |
| Photosynthesis | Process in chloroplasts that uses light energy to make sugars. |
| Protein synthesis | The process of making proteins using information from DNA and RNA. |
| Transcription | Making an RNA copy of a DNA sequence. |
| Translation | Building a protein from an mRNA code at a ribosome. |
| Chromosome | A DNA-protein structure that carries genetic information. |
| Mitosis | Division of the nucleus that produces two genetically identical nuclei. |
| Cytokinesis | Division of the cytoplasm after nuclear division. |
| Interphase | Stage when a cell grows, copies DNA, and prepares to divide. |
| Stem cell | A cell that can divide and develop into specialized cell types. |
| Differentiation | Process by which cells become specialized for particular functions. |
| Apoptosis | Programmed cell death used in development and tissue maintenance. |
| Homeostasis | Maintenance of stable internal conditions in a cell or organism. |
| Plant cell | Eukaryotic cell type that usually has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. |
| Animal cell | Eukaryotic cell type that lacks a cell wall and usually has smaller vacuoles. |
Frequently asked questions
Does this deck cover plant and animal cells?
Yes. It includes common eukaryotic cell structures plus plant-specific terms such as cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole, and plasmodesmata.
Is this useful for a biology test?
Yes for quick organelle review, especially when paired with diagram labeling and class notes.
Does it teach photosynthesis or respiration?
No. Those should be separate companion decks because they need process-focused cards.
Is the Biology: Cell Structure flashcard deck free?
Yes. You can study it free in your browser on MazoCards. Create a free account to save progress, track streaks, and sync across devices.
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